They are agile, nimble and can even fly loops and tight turns: the BionicSwifts. The five artificial swallows can move in a coordinated and autonomous manner in a defined airspace by interacting with a radio-based indoor GPS.
它们敏捷，敏捷，甚至可以飞圈和急转弯：BionicSwifts。通过与基于无线电的室内GPS交互，这五只人工燕子可以在定义的空域中以协调自主的方式移动。
Ultralight flying objects based on natural models
基于自然模型的超轻飞行物体
When designing the robotic birds, the focus was on the use of lightweight structures, just like their biological role model. Because the same applies in engineering as it does in nature: the less weight there is to move, the lower the use of materials and energy consumption. And so, with a body length of 44.5 centimetres and a wingspan of 68 centimetres, the bionic birds weigh just 42 grams.
设计机器人鸟类时，重点是使用轻质结构，就像它们的生物学榜样一样。因为工程技术与自然技术一样适用：移动的重量越少，材料的使用和能耗就越低。因此，仿生鸟的体长为44.5厘米，翼展为68厘米，仅重42克。
Aerodynamic plumage for efficient flight
气动羽毛，可实现高效飞行
To execute the flight manoeuvres as true to life as possible, the wings are modelled on the plumage of birds. The individual lamellae are made of an ultralight, flexible but very robust foam and lie on top of each other like shingles. Connected to a carbon quill, they are attached to the actual hand and arm wings as in the natural model.
为了尽可能逼真地执行飞行操作，机翼以鸟类的羽毛为原型。单个薄片由超轻，柔软但非常坚固的泡沫制成，并像木瓦一样彼此叠放。与碳纤维套筒相连，它们与自然模型中的一样附着在实际的手和手臂上。
During the wing upstroke, the individual lamellae fan out so that air can flow through the wing. This means that the birds need less force to pull the wing up. During the downstroke, the lamellae close up so that the birds can generate more power to fly. Due to this close-to-nature replica of the wings, the BionicSwifts have a better flight profile than previous wing-beating drives.
在机翼向上冲程期间，单个薄片会扇出，以便空气可以流过机翼。这意味着鸟只需要较少的力量即可将翅膀拉起。在下冲程期间，叶片会关闭，因此鸟类可以产生更多的飞行力。由于机翼是这种接近自然的复制品，因此BionicSwifts的飞行轮廓要比以前的机翼跳动驱动器更好。
Functional integration in the tightest of spaces 在最狭小的空间内进行功能集成
The bird’s body contains the compact construction for the wing-flapping mechanism, the communication technology, the control components for wing flapping and the elevator, the tail. A brushless motor, two servomotors, the battery, the gearbox as well as various circuit boards for radio, control and localisation are all installed in a very small space. 鸟的身体包括机翼拍打机构的紧凑结构，通信技术，机翼拍打的控制部件以及电梯，机尾。无刷电机，两个伺服电机，电池，变速箱以及用于无线电，控制和定位的各种电路板都安装在很小的空间中。
The intelligent interaction of motors and mechanics allows, for example, the frequency of the wing beat and the elevator’s angle of attack to be precisely adjusted for the various manoeuvres.
电动机和机械装置的智能交互作用，例如，可以针对各种动作精确调整机翼跳动的频率和电梯的迎角。
Coordinated flying: flying in formation in a confined airspace
协调飞行：在密闭空域内编队飞行
Artificial plumage: shingle-like arrangement of the individual lamellae
Quiet wing beat: lamellae made of light foam
Agile flying object: agile manoeuvres such as loops and tight turns
Intelligent navigation: master computer, radio module and flying objects interact with each other
Aerodynamic kinematics: torsional capacity of the wings
GPS协调飞行动作
Radio-based indoor GPS with ultra wideband technology (UWB) enables the coordinated and safe flying of the BionicSwifts. For this purpose, several radio modules are installed in one room. These anchors then locate each other and define the controlled airspace. Each robotic bird is also equipped with a radio marker. This sends signals to the anchors, which can then locate the exact position of the bird and send the collected data to a central master computer which acts as a navigation system.
具有超宽带技术（UWB）的基于无线电的室内GPS使BionicSwifts能够协调，安全地飞行。 为此，在一个房间中安装了多个无线电模块。 这些锚点然后彼此定位并定义受控的空域。 每只机械鸟也都配备了无线电标记。 这会将信号发送到锚点，然后锚点可以确定鸟类的确切位置，并将收集到的数据发送到充当导航系统的中央主计算机。
This can be used for route planning, so that preprogrammed routes give the birds their flight path. If the birds deviate from their flight path due to sudden changes in environmental influences such as wind or thermals, they immediately correct their flight path themselves and intervene autonomously in this situation – without a human pilot. Radio communication enables exact position detection even if visual contact is partially hindered by obstacles. The use of UWB as radio technology guarantees safe and trouble-free operation.
这可用于路线规划，以便预先设置的路线为鸟类提供飞行路线。 如果鸟类由于风或热等环境影响的突然变化而偏离飞行路线，它们会立即自行纠正飞行路线并在这种情况下自动进行干预，而无需人工干预。 即使目视接触部分受到障碍物的阻碍，无线电通信也可以实现精确的位置检测。 使用UWB作为无线电技术可确保安全无故障的运行。
New impetus for intralogistics
内部物流的新动力
The intelligent networking of flight objects and GPS routing makes for a 3D navigation system that could be used in the networked factory of the future. The precise localisation of the flow of materials and goods could, for example, improve process sequences and foresee bottlenecks. Moreover, autonomous flying robots could be used to transport materials, for instance, and thus optimise the use of space within a factory with their flight corridors.
飞行物体和GPS路线的智能联网构成了3D导航系统，可在未来的联网工厂中使用。 物料和货物流的精确定位可以例如改善工艺流程并预见瓶颈。 此外，例如，可以使用自动飞行机器人来运输物料，从而优化具有其飞行走廊的工厂内部空间的使用。
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发表于 2020-7-4 07:43:05
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